Archive for November 2015

Chapter Three - Trends - Analysis


Trend Analysis: Financial Trends

• Customers who follow the streetwear industry trends are wiling to spend 20-30% more for an average cotton t-shirt with a company logo on it (I.e. Crooks & Castles, Billionaire Boys Club, etc.)

• There are an estimated 1.4 billion cotton T-shirts are soldannually in the U.S" totaling more than $18 billion in revenue.

• 31.7% of Men's Clothing Stores' Sales were for Sports Apparel, Sweaters, Shirts, and T-Shirts

Monday 30 November 2015 by James Smith
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Chapter Two - Streetwear - Net worth

http://www.highsnobiety.com/2014/11/17/streetwear-corporate-ownership/

You don’t have to look far for proof of streetwear’s current boom. Everyone from Business Of Fashion to The New York Times is queuing up to sling you their two-cent take on the unprecedented growth of this once-fringe interest, and the question on everyone’s lips right now isn’t so much “when will it end?” but “how can you get involved?” In 2011, Reuters valued the global streetwear industry at a not-too-shabby $60 billion and since then that number has only grown. It goes without saying that such performance has not gone unnoticed…

In fact, while these impressive numbers still pale in comparison to the $290 billion-a-year luxury goods market, thanks to the continued cross-pollination of ideas between high-fashion and street culture, interest in the long-term future of streetwear has never been greater. Far from being seen as some immature younger sibling to the serious world of catwalks and couture or a diminished version of the high street, streetwear is now a credible, comparable force in the global market and many would like to see it managed in a similar manner. That’s code for one thing: more corporate ownership.


USA Streetwear Market Research Report - 2015


U,S, Streetwear Report 2015

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

In a way, streetwear is like porn-we can't exactly define it, but we know it when we see it. Though, that doesn't necessarily make determining the business numbers of it any easier.

In 2006, accounting firm Grant Thorton pegged urban apparel sales at $58 billion. In 2011, the streetwear market was estimated by Reuters to have a value of $60 billion USD. The streetwear industry valued at over $70 billion USD for FY2012, is likely closer to $75 billion for FY2013. The Global Sportswear Apparel Market, which includes surf and skate apparel, was valued at $150 billion for FY 2013. The luxury goods market, fond of co-opting streetwear (think: Givenchy's Rottweiler), is estimated to be worth $290 billion (£230 billion euros) for 2014.

Since the 1968 Paris riots, high-fashion has been inspired by street fashion. Yves Saint Laurent started it, then Vivienne Westwood took the torch by selling high-fashion punk. Raf Simons has been doing "street" menswear with his eponymous brand since 1995--and continues to. Meanwhile, rappers began name-dropping brands as soon as they began to fiow. As the prominence and wealth of rappers grew, the brands they mentioned changed: from edldas to Masion Martin Margiela, By doing 50, rappers schooled street kids on the finer things in life, It's a logical jump--streetwear has always been obsessed with exclusivity and limited-edition goods--which high fashion (with its high prices) inherently provides. 50, in funny twist of events,

Sunday 29 November 2015 by James Smith
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Chapter Two - Streetwear - Changes

FASHION & STREETWEAR PREDICTIONS FOR 2015

BY LUIS RUANO
DECEMBER 30, 2014

http://thehundreds.com/2015-predictions/

MOBILE PHOTOGRAPHY’S INFLUENCE ON FASHION CONTINUES.

The rise of mobile photography in the last several years has been met with its fair share of criticism i.e. overuse of editing software, a watered-down perspective of quality, using the medium as a popularity contest, and so on and so forth. Undeniable amongst all the hoopla though is just how much influence it’s had on fashion. Whether it be positive or negative, it’s become more and more evident, especially in 2014. Marketing for several companies has at times been solely dependent on an independent photographer’s influence to the levels of creating exclusive campaigns aimed specifically at likes and followers.


Saturday 28 November 2015 by James Smith
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Chapter Two - Streetwear - Origins

http://www.fashionindustrynetwork.com/group/urbanclothing/forum/topics/786233:Topic:7340

All though the surf, skate, and hip-hop community all had their roots in streetwear. Japan emerged on the scene in the 1980's as well. The Japanese youth wanted everthing American, however, by the early 1990's they were helping pioneer the way to what Streetwear has become. Brands like BAPE and Real Mad Hectic became trendsetters by coming out with limited edition apparel, with background stories, and very high pricepoints. These factors led to obsessive followings, where many claim Asia/Japan get all the great sneakers and apparel.


Friday 27 November 2015 by James Smith
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Chapter Two - Streetwear - What is streetwear

http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/streetwear


streetwear





/ˈstriːtˌwɛə

noun

1.
fashionable casual clothes
Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition
© William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins
Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012

by James Smith
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Chapter Two - Streetwear / social media - Survey

A face-to-face and online survey will be held to gather an understanding of the relation between streetwear and social media.


The survey was created which a mixture of both online questions and face-to-face questions to be able to gather both in depth responses, as well as faster initial responses.

Wednesday 25 November 2015 by James Smith
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Chapter One - Branding - Brand loyalty

http://www.investopedia.com/terms/b/brand-loyalty.asp

DEFINITION OF 'BRAND LOYALTY'

When consumers become committed to your brand and make repeat purchases over time. Brand loyalty is a result of consumer behaviour and is affected by a person's preferences. Loyal customers will consistently purchase products from their preferred brands, regardless of convenience or price. Companies will often use different marketing strategies to cultivate loyal customers, be it is through loyalty programs (i.e. rewards programs) or trials and incentives (ex. samples and free gifts).

Tuesday 24 November 2015 by James Smith
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Chapter One - Branding - What is branding?

Fashion Branding UnraveledBook by Kaled K. Hameide

Originally published: February 14, 2011 
Author: Kaled K. Hameide
Bloomsbury Academic

The word brand comes from the Old Norse brandr, meaning to burn,' in reference to how owners stamped their livestock so they are distinguished from others' cattle. That process became necessary among traders to identify the quality of animals based on the name of the farm stamped on them. In that sense, both the term and its function have developed. 



However, we can trace that need for distinction back to ancient times. There is evidence that the Greeks attempted to identify and distinguish their quality pottery products through the use of a stamp, a signature, or some symbol.

by James Smith
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Chapter Three - 'Othering'

https://therearenoothers.wordpress.com/2011/12/28/othering-101-what-is-othering/

By “othering”, we mean any action by which an individual or group becomes mentally classified in somebody’s mind as “not one of us”. Rather than always remembering that every person is a complex bundle of emotions, ideas, motivations, reflexes, priorities, and many other subtle aspects, it’s sometimes easier to dismiss them as being in some way less human, and less worthy of respect and dignity, than we are.


https://cubiksrube.wordpress.com/2011/12/28/new-project-there-are-no-others/

This psychological tactic may have had its uses in our tribal past. Group cohesion was crucially important in the early days of human civilisation, and required strong demarcation between our allies and our enemies. To thrive, we needed to be part of a close-knit tribe who’d look out for us, in exchange for knowing that we’d help to look out for them in kind. People in your tribe, who live in the same community as you, are more likely to be closely related to you and consequently share your genes.

As a result, there’s a powerful evolutionary drive to identify in some way with a tribe of people who are “like you”, and to feel a stronger connection and allegiance to them than to anyone else. Today, this tribe might not be a local and insular community you grew up with, but can be, for instance, fellow supporters of a sports team or political party.

“If you’re not with us, you’re against us” is a simple heuristic people often use to decide whether someone is part of their tribe or not. If you are, then you can be expected to toe the line in certain ways if you don’t want to be ejected; if you’re not, you can be dismissed and hated as an “other”, the enemy.

https://scottlangdonproject.wordpress.com/2013/08/29/the-other-othering/

http://eebelz.com/2013/08/03/othering-eight-mile-and-original-sin/



http://ojs.statsbiblioteket.dk/index.php/qual/article/viewFile/5510/4825

Sune Qvotrup Jensen

From a social science point of view, identities are in some sense always social. This means that ethnic minority identities are always situated within specific social contexts and conditioned by them. One theoretical concept offered to explain such processes is othering, originally coined within post-colonial theory. But can this concept help us understand the processes of identity formation in everyday life? - page 63


http://othersociologist.com/otherness-resources/

Zevallos, Z. (2011) ‘What is Otherness?,’ The Other Sociologist, 14 Oct

Defining Otherness -

The idea of ‘otherness’ is central to sociological analyses of how majority and minority identities are constructed. This is because the representation of different groups within any given society is controlled by groups that have greater political power. In order to understand the notion of The Other, sociologists first seek to put a critical spotlight on the ways in which social identities are constructed. Identities are often thought as being natural or innate – something that we are born with – but sociologists highlight that this taken-for-granted view is not true.

Rather than talking about the individual characteristics or personalities of different individuals, which is generally the focus for psychology, sociologists focus on social identities.  Social identities reflect the way individuals and groups internalise established social categories within their societies, such as their cultural (or ethnic) identities, gender identities, class identities, and so on. These social categories shape our ideas about who we think we are, how we want to be seen by others, and the groups to which we belong.

Ideas of similarity and difference are central to the way in which we achieve a sense of identity and social belonging. Identities have some element of exclusivity. Just as when we formally join a club or an organisation, social membership depends upon fulfilling a set of criteria. It just so happens that such criteria are socially-constructed (that is, created by societies and social groups). As such ‘we’ cannot belong to any group unless ‘they’ (other people) do not belong to ‘our’ group. Sociologists set out to study how societies manage collective ideas about who gets to belong to ‘our group’ and which types of people are seen as different – the outsiders of society.


Friday 20 November 2015 by James Smith
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Chapter Two - Promotion - Blogs

Social Network in marketing (Social Media Marketing)
Opportunities and Risks

International Journal of Managing Public Sector Information and Communication Technologies (IJMPICT) Vol. 2, No. 1, September 2011
Waad Assaad, Jorge Marx GómezCarl von Ossietzky, Ammerländerheerstr. 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany

http://airccse.org/journal/mpict/papers/0911ijmpict02.pdf

Blogs: A blog (a blend of the term "web log") is a type of website or a part of a website. Blogs are usually maintained by an individual with regular entries of commentary, descriptions of events, or other material such as graphics or video. Entries are commonly displayed in reverse- chronological order. "Blog" can also be used as a verb, meaning to maintain or add content to a blog. The blog is the most important applications in the field of social software, because it links all principles of social software. Each user has the option of free and without specific technical knowledge to contribute (post) blog publishes. - Page 16

by James Smith
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Chapter One - Social Media - Advertising

Socialnomics: How Social Media Transforms the Way We Live and Do Business 
By Erik Qualman

- 14




- 15

https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=yAqD19i2U0UC&oi=fnd&pg=PT13&dq=social+media+and+fashion&ots=AwKiU1vR4D&sig=lxkMTNNbsQP2hY1I4_5ldHS7OV8#v=onepage&q=social%20media%20and%20fashion&f=false

Monday 16 November 2015 by James Smith
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Chapter One - Social Media - Advertising

Social Network in marketing (Social Media Marketing)
Opportunities and Risks

International Journal of Managing Public Sector Information and Communication Technologies (IJMPICT) Vol. 2, No. 1, September 2011
Waad Assaad, Jorge Marx GómezCarl von Ossietzky, Ammerländerheerstr. 114-118, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany

http://airccse.org/journal/mpict/papers/0911ijmpict02.pdf

Marketing is the process, which is used to determine what products or services can be of interest to customer. Social networks help in improving the marketing of organizations to new insights about the brand, which offers innovative ways to implement the basic marketing programs, as well as new methods to win in online discussions of important business. So they can use these new opportunities, they need the tools that their companies can monitor conversations across the Internet effectively and participate. The goal is to link the success of activities in social networks with marketing programs and processes. - Page 15

Social networks provide the opportunity to talk with customers on a personal level, which is usually difficult to achieve or impossible through traditional channels. Marketing on social networking sites is not a substitute for traditional marketing. It should be treated as an additional channel with unique characteristics that can complement other marketing activities. With this approach, we can increase the effectiveness of each channel. - Page 15

Communication 

Instant messaging (IM) is a form of real-time direct text-based communication between two or more people using personal computers or other devices, along with shared software clients. The user's text is conveyed over a network, such as the Internet. More advanced instant messaging software clients also allow enhanced modes of communication, such as live voice or video calling. - Page 16



Advertising 2.0: Social Media Marketing in a Web 2.0 World
- 2008
- By Tracy L. Tuten

https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=ScdF1-vHvHwC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=social+media+and+advertising&ots=2LPi5kUGPx&sig=-mnpz8P5EG6z3SmlOMAi9thK42M#v=onepage&q=social%20media%20and%20advertising&f=false

Social media exists in the context of communities-communities built of people who develop and nurture relationships by creating, cocreating, sharing, commenting, and engaging in content. One could say that this book grew out of just such a community in as much as it has benefited from the contributions of others. - Page 1

Sunday 15 November 2015 by James Smith
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Chapter One - Social Media - Instagram

http://razschwartz.net/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/Instagram_ICWSM12.pdf

Visualizing Instagram: Tracing Cultural Visual Rhythms

2012

Nadav Hochman, History of Art and Architecture University of Pittsburgh

Raz Schwartz, Human Computer Interaction Institute Carnegie Mellon University


Every moment counts. Or at least so it seems through the eyes of social media users who take countless pictures of everything imaginable, instantly sharing them over the Internet. Instagram, the recent fad in mobile photo sharing applications, provides exactly that: a way to snap photos, tweak their appearance, and share them on various social networks with friends, family and complete strangers. Although only launched in October 2010, its 15 million users have already taken more than 400 million pictures from allover the globe (Instagram 2011). - ( Page 1)




Released exclusively for the iPhone on October 6,2010, In­ stagram is a mobile location-based social network applica­ tion that offers its users a way to take pictures, apply differ­ ent manipulation tools ('filters') to transform the appearance of an image (for example: fade the image, adjust its contrast and tint, over or under-saturate colors, blur areas to exagger­ ate a shallow depth of field, add simulated film grain, etc.), and share it instantly with the user's friends on the applica­ tion itself or through other social networking sites such as Facebook, Foursquare, Twitter, etc.  - ( Page 1)


Tuesday 10 November 2015 by James Smith
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Chapter One - Research into Rolex

http://www.ukessays.com/essays/marketing/how-successful-is-rolex-marketing-essay.php#ixzz3r6g9f0LR

Rolex was the first brand to introduce waterproof watch in the year 1926. All of the watches are designed with fine quality materials and everything is done in detail so that there are no defects in the final products (Brandz, 2010).

Rolex is a luxury brand that can be bought by only selected group of people; the company has clarity about its target market and has designed its marketing strategy in accordance with the market requirements.

Rolex has created distinctive image in the market by portraying itself as the luxurious brand that is worn by celebrities. Everyone who wants to develop an association with any of the favorite personalities is buying and using Rolex watches.

The data collected from primary and secondary researches showed that the luxury brands in the wristwatch industry are Rolex, Omega, Dior, Cartier, Tag Heuer and Swatch. Majority of the people ranked Rolex and Cartier as the best luxury brands that have high quality and give the users a sense of pride for owning the watch of leading brands. The key factor that influenced in creation of such perception was the celebrity endorsement. More than 80% of the respondents that they get attracted those advertisements that have their favorite personalities or celebrities as they know that the person will tell the truth about the brand.


http://www.forbes.com/companies/rolex/

Rolex is the leading name in luxury wristwatches. It is headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, but relies on 4,000 watchmakers in more than 100 countries. It created the world's first waterproof watch in 1926. Operating profit margins for the brand hover around 30%. Some of the world's most famous athletes pitch Rolex watches including: Tiger Woods, Phil Mickelson, Roger Federer and Lindsey Vonn.

#65 World's Most Valuable Brands

by James Smith
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Chapter One - Social Media - The Basement

The Basement 

The fastest growing and most exclusive forum for urban fashion, critically curated and meticulously administrated. The Basement describes itself as “one of the most cohesive and formidable social networking communities on the internet.”

The group is home to 30,000 members and counting. Establishing a precedent that sets The Basement apart from other groups by prioritising mutual respect to build a community of likeminded and trustworthy individuals.

Focused on more than just buying and selling rare clothing the group offers regular meet-ups and events, as well as releasing exclusive merchandise and collaborations with independent brands.




Introducing The Basement, the Strongest Streetwear Community on the Internet

http://uk.complex.com/style/2015/08/the-basement-online-streetwear-community

Mitchell believes that streetwear's multiple layers adds to fans obsession with the genre, especially in the age of social media. "People have always latched onto something and pushed it further within the communities, to the stage that there are subcultures within subcultures," Mitchell told Dazed. "Now within an age which is dominated by social media, people don't have to be out on the street to be seen in the latest items."




Inside the internet’s most dedicated fashion community

From a few members to a 20,000+ strong family, how The Basement became the virtual hangout of streetwear’s hardcore fans

"Within street style – people have always latched onto something and pushed it further within the communities, to the stage that there are subcultures within subcultures. Now within an age which is dominated by social media, people don't have to be out on the street to be seen in the latest items. With everyone wanting to be on trend, The Basement’s mixed background helps the hardcore fans – both new and old – to gain more knowledge." - Peter Mitchell


“People ask what brands do the best denim, what songs to listen to in a certain genre, what brand was a celebrity wearing – there will always be one person that will help a member out” – Peter Mitchell

Monday 9 November 2015 by James Smith
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Chapter One - Social Media - Book research


Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media

Andreas M. Kaplan *, Michael Haenlein

ESCP Europe, 79 Avenue de la Re ́publique, F-75011 Paris, France

2010


Blogs, which represent the earliest form of Social Media, are special types of websites that usually display date-stamped entries in reverse chronologi- cal order (OECD, 2007). They are the Social Media equivalent of personal web pages and can come in a multitude of different variations, from personal diaries describing the author’s life to summaries of all relevant information in one specific content area. Blogs are usually managed by one person only, but provide the possibility of interaction with others through the addition of comments. Due to their historical roots, text-based blogs are still by far the most common. 

- Page 64


Users of the world, unite! The challenges and opportunities of Social Media

Andreas M. Kaplan *, Michael Haenlein


ESCP Europe, 79 Avenue de la Re ́publique, F-75011 Paris, France

2010


As of January 2009, the online social networking application Facebook registered more that 175 million active users. To put that number in perspective, this is only slightly less than the population of Brazil (190 million) and over twice the population of Germany (80 million)!

- Page 59

by James Smith
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Chapter One - Social Media - Essay?

Social media has a growing effect in many perspectives: from one standpoint, it reverses theway how and why users communicate with each other. From another standpoint, it permits ofthe extension of marketing communication opportunities both in a business-to-business (B2B)and a business-to-consumer (B2C) aspect.

Page 1. 

http://www.google.co.uk/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=4&ved=0CDUQFjADahUKEwjvybjZmoPJAhUGYg8KHVhnCHM&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uni-corvinus.hu%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D41618%26type%3Dp%26file_id%3D970&usg=AFQjCNHwTJJDxlPmj0PRCO3Hs3FDnyQBZA&sig2=X-hwap0MSC0E-qOhgfrs4w

by James Smith
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Chapter One - Branding - Book Research

 Luxury Fashion Branding: Trends, Tactics, Techniques - By Uché Okonkwo

https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=a_6CublRtYwC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=fashion+branding&ots=9bgjrGkjc8&sig=Bz2Mgtb4hK8iOmasY2I8EEubdfU#v=onepage&q=fashion%20branding&f=false



"The luxury fashion industry is a global multi-billion dollar sector comprising of a multitude of brands with high relevance. Among these are brands like Louis Vuitton, Hermes and Gucci. They are also among the most valuable and influential brands in the world. Despite the large size and income generation of the globe luxury fashion industry, the sector has witnessed a slow growth in its strategic business direction. This is because for a ling time luxury brands were managed through traditional business methods where decisions were made based on intuition and sometimes on a trial basis. These traditional methods also featured a strong focus on product development and publicity generation through conventional advertising methods. However, the rapid development and complexity of the global business environment currently requires modern and sophisticated business practices in luxury goods management." - Page 3

- Luxury Fashion Branding: Trends, Tactics, Techniques - By Uché Okonkwo
Originally published: May 3, 2007




"The branding aspect aspect of luxury good management is integral to a luxury brand's sustainability. The brand  is the reason that consumers associate them-selves with a luxury company. It is what creates and sustains the attrition and desire for products. The strong attachment that luxury consumers have to brands, which often defies logic, is the result of branding. Brands are not products and should no be managed like products. This identity becomes a springboard for the associations and perceptions eventually developed in the minds of consumers. This is what draws consumers to luxury brands and remains their source of satisfaction." - Page 4


- Luxury Fashion Branding: Trends, Tactics, Techniques - By Uché Okonkwo
Originally published: May 3, 2007




"Branding decisions ought to be at the core of all the corporate decisions that a luxury brand makes, including product development." - Page 4


- Luxury Fashion Branding: Trends, Tactics, Techniques - By Uché Okonkwo
Originally published: May 3, 2007




"The journey of branding begins from crafting a clear brand concept and brand identity and projecting it to the public through an equally clear brand personality and brand image. What the public sees and interprets through the brand image leads to a positioning of the brand in their minds through perception and associations. This further leads to the allocation of a space for that brand in their minds according to their sentiments toward the brand. This is called the brand share and influences the future purchase decisions and subsequently brand loyalty." - Page 5

- Luxury Fashion Branding: Trends, Tactics, Techniques - By Uché Okonkwo
Originally published: May 3, 2007

Tuesday 3 November 2015 by James Smith
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