"Advertising is the art of arresting the human intelligence just long enough to get money from it."
— Chuck Blore, a partner in the advertising firm Chuck Blore & Don Ruchman, Inc., quoted by Ben H. Bagdikian, The Media Monopoly, Sixth Edition, (Beacon Press, 2000), p.185.
Ever since mass media became mass media, companies have naturally used this means of communications to let a large number of people know about their products. There is nothing wrong with that, as it allows innovative ideas and concepts to be shared with others. However, as the years have progressed, the sophistication of advertising methods and techniques has advanced, enticing and shaping and even creating consumerism and needs where there has been none before, or turning luxuries into necessities. This section introduces some of the issues and concerns this raises.
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"The appearance of advertisements with extremely altered models can
create unrealistic expectations of appropriate body image. In one image,
a model’s waist was slimmed so severely, her head appeared to be wider
than her waist. We must stop exposing impressionable children and
teenagers to advertisements portraying models with body types only
attainable with the help of photo editing software."
— Barbara L. McAneny, Quoted by Michael Zang: American Medical Association Speaks Out Against Photoshopped Ad Photos, PetaPixel, June 24, 2011
-"Protected by the free speech provision of the First Amendment,
corporations marshal huge public relations efforts on behalf of their
agendas. In the United States the 170,000 public relations employees
whose job it is to manipulate news, public opinion and public policy in
the interests of their clients outnumber news reporters by 40,000. A
study in 1990 discovered that almost 40 percent of the news content of a
typical U.S. newspaper originates as public relations press releases,
story memos, and suggestions. The Columbia Journalism Review reported that more than half the news stories in the Wall Street Journal
are based solely on corporate press releases (cited in Korten 1995:146
[When Corporations Rule the World]). United States corporations spend
almost half as much on advertising (approximately $120 per person) as
the state spends on education ($207 per person)."
— Richard Robbins, Global Problems and the Culture of Capitalism, (Allyn and Bacon, 1999) p. 138
-In fact, “brand-sponsored content” as Steve Golin likes to call this, is
as old as television. Today, many gripe that the World Wide Web is
nothing but a World Wide Commercial for which securing eyeballs for
advertisers is the first and last concern. Lest we forgot, TV was also
invented to sell to us in the comfort of our home. Content has always
been an after thought. At the dawn of TV, soap operas got their name
from the soap that was hawked by the show’s sponsors, who exercised a
good deal of control over the show’s themselves, (which existed merely
to fill the space between commercials.)
— Erika Milvy, Advertainment’s New Frontier, AlterNet, June 25, 2001
-"Advertising [in oligopolistic markets] provides a way to protect or
expand market share without engaging in profit-threatening price
competition."
— Robert W. McChesney, Rich Media Poor Democracy; Communication
Politics in Dubious Times, (University of Illinois Press, 1999), p.139
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“Fashion,clothing, and dress are
signifying practices, they are ways of generating meanings, which
produce and reproduce those cultural groups along with their positions
of relative power”
- (Barnard, 2002, p. 38).
Barnard, M. (2002). Fashion as communication. New York, NY: Routledge of theTaylor & Francis Group.
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“the normative definitions of “right” and“wrong” within “its almost hidden and unspoken relation of power” ”(Shamsul & Fauzi, 2006, pp. 68-69).
-Shamsul, A. B., & Fauzi, M. (2006). Making sense of Malay sexuality: An
exploration. Sari, 24, 59-72.
Shamsul and Fauzi (2006) argue thatMalaysia is… a multi-ethnic postcolonial society in which the conception of sexuality and gender becomes heterogenized and automized intoethnic enclaves, which, in turn, invite contestation articulated, forinstance, in religious terms. With the co-existence of the practice and enforcement of the modern constitution alongside religious laws, the individual and particular ethnic group experience different forms ofexternal control and internal form
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The image of the community is purified of all that may convey a feeling of difference, let alone conflict, in who 'we' are. In this way the myth of community solidarity is a purification ritual . What is distinctive about this mythic sharing in communities is that people feel they belong to each other, and share together, because they are the same. The 'we' feeling, which expresses the desire to be similar, is a way for men to avoid the necessity of looking deeper into each other.
Richard Sennett, 'The myth o f purified community', The Uses o f Disorder:Personal Identity and City Style ( London: Faber & Faber,1 996), pp. 36, 39.
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sheldon styker
other people exceotance is more important than your own
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http://www.buzzfeed.com/patricksmith/nuts-magazine-to-close-as-sales-drop-from-300000-to-50000-in#.dyzo1jZddPatrick Smith
Posted on March 31, 2014, at 6:39 p.m.
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"The view that they are sexist is often based on the observation that the magazines usually contain several pictures of women wearing clothes which are small, or not there at all, and in seductive poses ( but without 'showing everything' in the style of pornography)."
- (David Gauntlet, 2002, p. 173).
Media, Gender and Identity: An Introduction
by Routledge
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Nuts - Kirsty Gallacher, Nuts June 2004
